Hormones Play a Key Role
Hormones also play a role in the development of acne, blackheads, whiteheads, and pimples or zits.
Androgens stimulate the sebaceous glands, which produce oil or sebum. Sebum is one of the major causes for acne.
Teens are more likely to suffer from acne because at the onset of puberty, their bodies begin to produce
androgens. These "male" hormones are a natural part of development for both boys and girls, but boys tend to produce
more of them, resulting in more severe breakouts. sebum production decreases at age 20 but it can flare up
again at any age.
Oil glands produce extra sebum, which blocks hair follicles and clumps together with the dead skin cells. When this
mixture travels thru the pores, it blocks the pore. The oil and bacteria get trapped inside.
The body's immune system rushes to the area to produce an enzyme that damages the wall of the hair follicle, allowing
the contents of the pore to enter the skin. This causes an inflammatory response that results in either red,
painful bumps (papules); blackheads and whiteheads (comedones); pimples or acne.
Hormone levels in female change and vary throughout the monthly cycle. These fluctuations do cause acne to flare and
diminish depending on the time of the month. The most effective way to treat menstrual cycle acne is to treat the acne
itself by applying topical medications, oral antibiotics, or even changing or adjusting a birth control pill since
the hormones found in these contraceptives are also related to acne flare-ups.
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